| Sections
contained :
Basic
aspects of the internal combustion engine
There are two principles that govern the functioning of a gasoline powered
internal combustion engine:
a)
The combustion of the air and gasoline mixture produce heat.
b)
Gas that is heated expands and when contained at a constant volume will raise
the pressure inside the combustion chamber. (Charles’ Law).
When gasoline mixes with air, it is compressed and confined in a cylinder
where a piston is moved producing a spark. The heat generated is transformed into
work which is displayed by the expanding gas moving the piston. Due to the force
of the expanding gas, the piston moves downward in a direction contrary to its
trajectory displacement.
The expansion of gasses generates a lineal
displacement of the piston that transmits kinetic energy to a crankshaft which
uses this energy to rotate a flywheel. The flywheel in turn transmits the energy
to the gears allowing the wheels of a car to move.
Summarizing, the
functioning of an internal combustion engine uses the force of the expansion that
produces the combustion of the gasified gasoline, mixed with air and suctioned
by the vacuum produced by the piston inside the cylinder, later is compressed
by the upward movement of the piston, so when a spark is produced the combustion
generates an useful work. All this process is produced in a four strokes engine.
The strokes are the following:
1
Stroke of suction or inlet:
2 Stroke of compression
3 Stroke
of potency
4 Stroke of expulsion, outlet or escape.
1
Stroke of suction or inlet
Suction of air into the combustion chamber
in a gasoline engine or the inertia of the crankshaft forces the piston downward
increasing the volume of the combustion and reducing the pressure. Because the
pressure outside is greater, the vacuum created suctions a new mixture of air
and gasoline into the combustion chamber through an open admissions valve. |
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2
Stroke: Compression
Compression - when the piston reaches the bottom,
the admissions valve is closed causing the start of the upward motion integrating
the mixture of air and gasoline using the additional heat produced by the compression.
A cleaner combination between the air particles and the gasoline is produced,
but because of the speed of the movement, a perfect mixture is not produced. Instead
of being homogenous, the mixture is layered and slows down the combustion while
producing pollutant residue. | 
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3
Stroke: potency
Potency: the piston reaches the upper end of its displacement
and the combustion is induced by a spark produced by a spark plug. The expanding
gasses put pressure over the cylinder and the piston that moves downward to produce
work which is then transmitted to the crankshaft | 
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4
stroke: outlet
Outlet: before the piston reaches its lowest point, the outlet valve opens
releasing the burned gasses allowing them to escape. In its upward trajectory,
the piston pushes out the remaining gasses thus completing the four strokes. |
| In these four steps, or “strokes,” there are some aspects which,
if improved, will increase the efficiency of the operation of the engine. One
of these aspects is the quality of the mixture of gas andair that is suctioned
into the combustion chamber. The perfect mixture contains 15 parts of air for
every 1 part of gasoline. When this ratio is obtained, the mixture burns in the
optimal way. If this ratio is not achieved, the following may take place:
Not enough air: the quantity of oxygen is reduced and the fuel is wasted
as more pollutants are produced due to the incomplete combination.
Too much air: the fuel is burned slowly and is wasted.
The limits of
the proportions of air and gasoline are known as the (range of proportions) and
are the following:
a) Upper limit of combustion (20 parts of air to 1
part of gasoline)
b) Lower limit of combustion (between 7-10 parts of
air to 1 part of gasoline).
The quality of the mixture also has a direct
effect on the variable known as RC or (Ratio of Compression).
RC is the
ratio of the volume of the mixture into the cylinder when the piston is in the
dead lower end compared with the volume of the mixture when the piston reaches
the dead upper end. If the mixture is out of the limits in which the combustion
has to take place, the ratio of compression is reduced as is potency. Another
important aspect is the quantity of the mixture that is introduced into the cylinder
during the stroke of admission.
This variable is known as (VE) Volumetric
efficiency. and is defined as the volume of the mixture of air and gasoline that
is suctioned into the cylinder at atmospheric pressure during the admission stroke
compared with the volume of the cylinder.
As the volume gets bigger the
potency the piston develops will be higher, when the mixture is burnt.
Volumetric Efficiency is influenced by different variables such as: the design
of the stroke, where the valves operate, the carburetor, and the opening of the
regulatory valve.
In order to increase the potency of the engine while
reducing the consumption of gasoline and the emission of polluting gasses, it
is necessary to introduce the maximum amount of fuel and air in the proper ratio
to increase the volumetric efficiency. At the same time, it must render a better
rate of ratio compression as a consequence of cleaner combustion.
The
normal function of a gasoline engine is such that as the speed of the engine increases,
so does the suction of air into the combustion chamber. The most serious limitation
then is that the flow of combustion in the sprayer of the carburetor increases
due to the suction but not at the rate corresponding to the flow of air. The result
is that as speed increases, the mixture that reaches the cylinder is enriched
more with gasoline than air. Back
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| Basic
knowledge concerning to the gasoline saving
The increment of spraying or sprinkling of gasoline depends basically on
the rotation of the engine and the flux of air included in this action. Once the
engine is warmed up it facilitates pulverization and the quantity of gasoline
demanded by the engine is determined by the flowmeter. Nevertheless, some flowmeters
do not react properly at higher speeds than are normally driven. To reduce the
spraying of gasoline, Power Jet, offers considerably savings of fuel when driving
at high speed.
Refering to driving in the city, the installation of Power
Jet facilitates the combustion by adding air, and in that way the spraying of
fuel is sensibly enriched with advantages in potency and reducing pullutants.. 
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Back
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| Consider
this before installing PowerJet USA (The
decive must be installed by a certified mechanic)
Before
installing powerjet USA make sure of the following:
1.-
Engine RPM must not pass 900 (between 750 and 900), high RPM can obstruct the
regulation process, it is recommended toi lower them.
2.-
Make sure
there aren't any broken hoses or vacuum leaks in the vehicle, all hoses and vacuum
lines must be working properly, if not we could not guarantee Power Jet will render
the results we promise.
3.-
Gasoline
and Air filters must be clean (new if possible).
4.-
Engine
oil should have 30days or less to obtain accurate gas emission readouts.
5.- Spark
Plugs must be in working condition (and measuring 23 as an average).
6.- In general
you car must be in fair working condition (no mechanical problems whatsoever).
7.- Now
proceed to select and installation point on the chart and instructions bellow. |
Back
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Installation
Points for Power Jet USA | | Installation
with carburated engine
(click on image
to se bigger picture) 
| | | |
Installation
with Fuel Injection 
[Examples
A] [Examples
B] [Examples
Joint] [All
Examples] Preferred
Point ("A") The
illustration above shows the the 2 options for installation. On the left portion
of the illustration you can see an arrow simulating the air intake sequence starting
from the front of the car, it flows all the way to the throttle valve, then all
the air goes to the admission manifold. Point
A is the preferred point, this as you can see is located immediately after the
throttle valve. To distinguish it look for the red circle with the red dot on
th right illustration If
your car does not have a Point A then we look for a point B, this will be located
on the admission manifold right nect to the throttle body. Secondary
Point ("B") This
one is considered secondary, used only if you do not have a visible or clearly
identifiable point A. On the right illustration it is marked with a red circle,
it is typically ocated in the middle of the manifold. If
in your vehicle you do not have a point A and the P.C.V. valve does not go to
the middle of the manifold but instead it goes from one extreme (the brake booster)
tod the other extreme (the manifold), we can join them by bridging them with the
powerjet installed at the middle, this way the air is going to be spread across
the cylinders. We
can use different kinds of joints depending on the type of vehicle, we can do
it with P.C.V. to E.E.C. or with Booster to P.C.V., the most important aspect
is to make sure the installation is done after the throttle valve. All
these samples can be seen on our installation video. As a note, sometimes on the
video some installations have the brake booster as point A or B , same with the
P.C.V valve, it all depends on the vehicle. All
this points apply to all conventional gasoline vehicles; for carburated vehicles
sometimes you need to cut to half the air flow on the carburator to get the results
we promise. | Back
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| REGULATION.-
There
is three ways to regulate: - Manual.
- With
a Powerjet USA vacuum meter.
- With
an emissions test machine.
Manual: When
you do not have an emisions test machine or the Powerjet USA vacuum meter then
you must follow these instructions: Considerations
before regulating: a)
All vehicles have an average vacuum that is either 40 cm Hg (16
inHg) or 55 cm Hg, regardless of engine size or number of cylinders,
based on this the first thing to do is to learn what is the vacuum reading of
the engine. b)
Once you have read the vacuum of the engine (click
here to see picture of vacuum meter) if the reading is less than 40
cm Hg (16 inHg) this means the vacuum for that engine is supposed to
be 40cm Hg and therefore there is a loss of vacuum somewhere,if that is
the case then the next step would be to find the place or places where the loss
of vacuum is occurring before installing the Powerjet USA. If there is a loss
in vacuum on the engine on idle it will only increase on higher RPM so it is indispensable
to make sure there is no loss in vacuum before installing the device, a loss in
vacuum will completely null the benefits of Powerjet USA. c)
If the reading of the vacuum of the engine is more than 40 cm Hg (16
inHg) but less than 55 cm Hg (22 inHg) (click
here to see picture of vacuum meter) this means the vacuum for that engine
is supposed to be 55cm Hg and therefore there is a loss of vacuum somewhere,if
that is the case then the next step would be to find the place or places where
the loss of vacuum is occurring before installing the Powerjet USA. If there is
a loss in vacuum on the engine on idle it will only increase on higher RPM so
it is indispensable to make sure there is no loss in vacuum before installing
the device, a loss in vacuum will completely null the benefits of Powerjet USA. Once
we know what the reading of the vacuum meter is and we make sure there is no loss
of vacuum on the engine we can proceed to adjust the Powerjet USA Manual
Regulation on engines with 40 cm Hg vacuum:
You
must unscew the adjustmet bolt until it is aligned with the edge of the device
(it is VERY important to stop there, if you continue to unscrew it above the edge
you could damage the device voiding the warranty). Once the bolt is aligned to
the edge start screwing it (clock wise) a total of 1 1/2 turns (complete
cycles), if the vehicle uses air conditioning constantly then turn it only 1
cycle insted of 1 1/2 cycles.
Manual Regulation
on engines with 55cm Hg vacuum:
You must unscew the adjustmet bolt
until it is aligned with the edge of the device (it is VERY important to stop
there, if you continue to unscrew it above the edge you could damage the device
voiding the warranty). Once the bolt is aligned to the edge start screwing it
(clock wise) a total of 3 turns (complete cycles), if the vehicle uses
air conditioning constantly then turn it only 2 1/2 cycles insted of 3
cycles.. In
engines with carburator when you do not obtain the results deisred you must shut
the flow of air to the carburator in approximately 50% using the carburator regulator.
With
the Powerjet USA vacuum meter:
(click
here to see picture)
To
obtain benefits from Powerjet USA you MUST follow instructions previously described
on points a, b and c of the Considerations before regulating. If you do not follow
these instructions the device will not render satisfactory results. The
vacuum meter connects on the "T" at the end that would hold the hose
that goes to the Powerjet USA device, the upper side of the vacuum meter must
have the short hose connected and that short hose is the one that connects to
the "T". On
the lower extreme of the vacuum meter you connect the hose that goes to the Powerjet
USA (with the Powerjet USA connected to it of course). Once
everything is in place you must shut completely the Powerjet USA by screwing the
adjustment bolt clock wise until it stops, then you start unscrewing it (counter
clock wise) until it reads 15 on the vacuum meter for new cars and cars up to
2 years old, for cars older than 2 years then you must adjust to 20. To
verify both the adjustment and reading are accurate you must accelerate (intense
quick acceleration) and then release and make sure the adjustment at idle goes
back to the same level it was before accelerating. With
an emissions test machine: To
obtain benefits from Powerjet USA you MUST follow instructions previously described
on points a, b and c of the Considerations before regulating. If you do not follow
these instructions the device will not render satisfactory results. Once you make
sure that has been done then follow these instructions: Regulation
will depend on the purpose of installing the device, if the main purpose is toreduce
pollution then you will adjust to the lowest possible reading on the machine. If
the purpose is to save fuel then you must adjust to 30 to 40% below the highest
readings allowed in that market (country) where the vehicle operates, with this
we will achieve the best possible economy settings for that market and as a plus
we will have the car emitting 30 to 40% less than the legal maximum. The
most important aspect to verify once regulated is to make sure that regardless
of what system you used to adjust it the RPM will not be altered more than 50
in total.. | Back
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Frequently Asked Questions
(FAQ).
Will
something in my vehicle be affected when installing PowerJet USA ?
A) Absolutely not, this device is attached to the air intake system of the
engine, it does not affect at all mechanical or electrical parts of your vehicle.
This is the best guarantee you can have from our product to your vehicle.
Does
this air supply produce piston overheating?
A) No, since it is not a disproportionate supply of extra air, Power Jet USA works
on demand in between 1,000 to 3,000 RPM, this means as your vehicle is requiring
air for complete combustion it sucks air through the air intake system where Power
Jet USA is connected.
Will
I be able to save gasoline without loosing engine power?
A) With Power Jet USA not only will you save on gasoline, but you will increase
power on your engine even 42% or more and of course after you achieve that you
will eliminate polluting gases even 80% or more.
Does
my car have to be altered to install Power Jet USA ?
A) Typically in up to 99% of the vehicles no, for the rest it is a policy
of our company not to alter the vehicle at all to install Power Jet USA.
Is it easy
to install?
A) Yes, it will not take longer than 15 minutes, if the vehicle is in normal
condition.
Does
it require some kind of maintenance ?
A) Yes, very simple, just to clean the copper filter inside, you can do this
with gasoline or diesel and blowing some high pressure air, this depending on
the use of the vehicle.
Do
I have any warranty on my purchase ?
A) Of course, whether you purchased your Power Jet USA on our Web Site or
through one of our distributors you have a 30 day money back guarantee if results
are not satisfactory or if results are satisfactory, which happens in 100% of
the cases, a regular warranty of 5 years or 60,000 miles (100,000 kms) covers
the product.
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